Introduction to Clinical Medicine III (ICM3) Exam 1 Practice

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• Elevated BNP/NT-proBNP supports diagnosis of which condition in a patient with dyspnea?
• Mobitz Type I AV block is characterized by which description?
• The Patient Self-Determination Act primarily ensures that patients have the right to:
• Which medication class can contribute to orthostatic hypotension?
• What high-resolution CT finding is characteristic of interstitial lung disease?
• Which test is used to assess shoulder impingement?
• In suspected ischemic stroke, which imaging study is used to rule out hemorrhage?
• In older adults with acute changes in mental status, what is an essential initial evaluation step?
• Which statement correctly lists a typical indication for lumbar puncture?
• Which condition is a contraindication to aspirin therapy in ACS?
• Under EMTALA, what are hospitals required to provide to patients in a medical emergency regardless of ability to pay?
• Rheumatic fever is best described by which combination?
• Which finding supports septic arthritis?
• Initial management of acute pancreatitis includes which approach?
• Which finding is typical of reactive arthritis?
• Which finding is characteristic of axial spondyloarthritis such as ankylosing spondylitis?
• Which electrocardiographic finding is classic for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)?
• In patients with known coronary artery disease, which class of antihypertensives is commonly considered especially helpful?
• Corn wound is characterized by which of the following features?
• Which testing combination is used to evaluate GERD with suspected esophagitis?
• Third-degree AV block is characterized by which?
• What finding most differentiates tension pneumothorax from uncomplicated pneumothorax?
• When is urgent noncontrast head imaging indicated in seizure management?
• Which statement correctly identifies the highest authority among sources of law?
• Osteoarthritis typically presents with which features?
• In preventive care for adults, which vaccines are commonly recommended?
• Which condition presents as black, dry, shriveled tissue from ischemia?
• What is a typical presentation of gout?
• Which of the following best defines abandonment in a healthcare setting?
• Which of the following is NOT an ECG feature of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?
• Which describes a linear crack/split in the skin?
• In a patient with chest pain and suspected acute coronary syndrome, which is the most appropriate initial step?
• Among patients with suspected pyelonephritis, in which populations is imaging commonly indicated?
• Which test evaluates MCL integrity?
• Which description correctly defines an ingrown toenail?
• In Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, what is the name of the accessory conduction pathway?
• Calciphylaxis is associated with advanced renal disease. Which of the following best describes this association?
• In the 4 D's of medical malpractice, which term describes the injury or loss suffered by the plaintiff?
• Which option is part of the 4 D's of medical malpractice?
• Which factor influences the interpretation of BNP levels in dyspnea evaluation?
• Activation of the STEMI pathway is primarily triggered by which electrocardiographic finding?
• Which finding is typical of pericarditis?
• Which physical exam finding is most characteristic of aortic stenosis?
• False imprisonment is defined as which of the following?
• Which statement best differentiates osteoarthritis from inflammatory arthritides?
• Which finding is most specific for posterior cruciate ligament tear?
• Which condition presents with thick, palpable purpura or ischemic, ulcerative lesions?
• Which feature is classic for rheumatoid arthritis?
• Which imaging study can confirm thoracic aortic dissection?
• What test supports the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome?
• Corn wounds are typically characterized by which feature?
• Which pattern indicates brainstem involvement?
• Which presentation and initial management are typical of acute cholecystitis?
• Which clinical finding is a contraindication to using nitrates for chest pain?
• Which feature indicates a postictal state after a seizure?
• Bradycardia is defined as heart rate below what?
• Which statement describes stable angina?
• What is the initial, most important action in management of a first-time seizure?
• Which of the following is the description of ivory-white atrophic scars on lower legs/ankles associated with chronic vascular disease?
• Which finding supports a diagnosis of gout?
• Lipodermatosclerosis presents with which of the following descriptions?
• Which statement best describes adolescent patient confidentiality?
• Mobitz Type II AV block generally requires which intervention?
• Which finding supports pseudogout?
• Which biomarker is most elevated in congestive heart failure?
• Which echocardiographic finding most supports a diagnosis of aortic stenosis?
• Elevated jugular venous pressure most accurately indicates which of the following?
• Which chest X-ray finding is most consistent with pneumonia?
• Which bedside tool is most useful to assess left ventricular function, pericardial effusion, and pneumothorax in a patient with acute dyspnea?
• Penalties under the anti-kickback statute include which of the following?
• What is the recommended initial aspirin dose in ACS if there are no contraindications?
• Common causes, diagnostic clue, and initial management of acute pancreatitis include which option?
• Anemia of chronic disease is typically categorized by mean corpuscular volume as which type?
• In a severe asthma exacerbation not responding to inhaled bronchodilators, which intervention is recommended?
• Macrocytosis can be seen with which condition independent of iron status?
• Which statement about diabetes management during acute illness is correct?
• In a COPD exacerbation, which combination of therapies is commonly used?
• Lipodermatosclerosis is best described as which of the following?
• Which finding supports a diagnosis of costochondritis?
• In evaluating a severe headache, which finding most strongly indicates urgent neuroimaging to exclude subarachnoid hemorrhage?
• Which finding best supports acute coronary syndrome when interpreting troponin results?
• Which condition causes thick, yellow, brittle/crumbly nails?
• Which term describes white, soggy/wrinkled skin from excess moisture?
• Which statement best differentiates aortic stenosis from mitral regurgitation on physical examination?
• Which finding is commonly associated with iron-deficiency anemia?
• If acute coronary syndrome is suspected, which aspirin dosing is recommended?
• Which statement best reflects antibiotic stewardship in acute care?
• Bursitis commonly presents with which finding?
• Which definition best describes orthostatic hypotension?
• Which chest X-ray finding is most consistent with congestive heart failure?
• Constitutional law is defined as which of the following?
• Stasis dermatitis is associated with which underlying condition?
• In the 4 D's of medical malpractice, which term denotes the breach of the standard of care?
• In a medical malpractice case, who is the plaintiff?
• Which joints are typically spared in rheumatoid arthritis?
• Which statement about hyponatremia management is correct to prevent osmotic demyelination?
• Which finding most strongly suggests a surgical abdomen in a patient with acute abdominal pain?
• Which tissue is described as beefy, red/pink, moist, and healing?
• Which of the following statements correctly describes the SPIKES framework for breaking bad news?
• Which combination of electrocardiographic and biomarker findings is typical for STEMI?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of coronary artery disease presenting as angina?
• Which radiographic finding is commonly seen with congestive heart failure on chest X-ray?
• What is the immediate imaging test to differentiate ischemic stroke from intracerebral hemorrhage?
• In suspected pulmonary embolism, when is a D-dimer test most useful?
• Which term is defined as white, soggy/wrinkled skin from excess moisture?
• Initial management of acute GI bleeding includes which sequence?
• Which pattern of liver function tests best indicates a hepatocellular injury?
• Which abdominal sign indicates peritoneal irritation and suggests a need for urgent surgical evaluation?
• Reactive arthritis is most characteristically associated with which feature?
• Which antihypertensive agent is NOT typically considered a first-line option for uncomplicated hypertension?
• Calciphylaxis is extremely painful, retiform/violaceous plaques → necrotic ulcers; associated with advanced renal disease.
• Which of the following is a contraindication to lumbar puncture?
• Which of the following is NOT an example of common law?
• Which signs are most characteristic of dehydration?
• Which physical exam finding is commonly seen with interstitial lung disease?
• Which of the following describes the anti-kickback statute?
• In evidence-based medicine, what is the correct sequence when applying Bayes theorem?
• Classic features of vitamin B12 deficiency include the following combination.
• Which statement correctly describes willful neglect in medical practice?
• What is the typical screening interval and starting age for mammography in average-risk women?
• Which combination of symptoms most strongly suggests pyelonephritis in an adult?
• Which statement best differentiates delirium from dementia?
• In the 4 D's of medical malpractice, which term is among the defining elements and is used to describe the obligation to meet a standard of care?
• Which description best describes unstable angina in terms of troponin?
• Which tests help confirm vitamin B12 deficiency when macrocytosis is observed?
• Which electrocardiogram (EKG) pattern is classically associated with pulmonary embolism?
• POTS is most common in which population?
• Which imaging finding most directly confirms esophageal perforation?
• Enteropathic arthritis is best described by which statement?
• Which neurological finding most strongly localizes the lesion to the cortex?
• In acute dyspnea, which test is most helpful to distinguish heart failure from primary lung disease?
• Breach of contract occurs when which of the following happens?
• Which statement accurately describes high-intensity statin therapy for ASCVD?
• Which test evaluates LCL integrity?
• Which term describes small, visible dilated superficial blood vessels?
• Which statement best reflects opioid prescribing safety principles?
• Which electrocardiographic finding best indicates STEMI rather than NSTEMI?
• In PSA screening, what is the most accurate approach for men aged 55–69?
• Which feature best characterizes unstable angina?
• Which genetic marker is commonly associated with ankylosing spondylitis?
• Granulation tissue is best described as beefy, red/pink, moist, healing tissue.
• Which are core elements of informed consent in clinical care?
• Pseudogout is characterized by which finding?
• Mobitz Type II AV block is best described by which finding?
• Which finding is most specific for pneumothorax on chest imaging?
• Which finding is most consistent with non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)?
• Which findings suggest a significant gastrointestinal hemorrhage?
• Which finding is most specific for an ACL tear?
• Which finding is most consistent with pericardial tamponade?
• Which serologic markers are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus?
• Ingrown toenail is best described by which statement?
• Stark Law penalties are:
• Which electrolyte abnormality increases the risk of torsades de pointes in long QT syndrome?
• Which physical finding is most commonly associated with congestive heart failure?
• At what general age range do guidelines typically recommend starting colorectal cancer screening?
• The systems of law include which of the following?
• For patients with septic shock, what is the recommended initial fluid resuscitation target within the first 3 hours?
• Atrophy blanche describes which of the following?
• Which finding is a hallmark symptom of subarachnoid hemorrhage?
• In suspected prerenal acute kidney injury due to hypoperfusion, what is the initial management?
• In addressing language barriers and health literacy, which approach is recommended?
• How is a transient ischemic attack best defined?
• Which statement best describes the components of a basic neurologic examination?
• In sepsis management, which action should be initiated within 1 hour of recognition?
• Which practice improves the safety of thoracentesis?
• Which finding would most strongly suggest esophageal perforation after vomiting or trauma?
• Fibromyalgia is characterized by which pattern?
• Administrative law is defined as which of the following?
• To avoid abandonment, the provider must provide which of the following?
• Ventricular tachycardia is most commonly associated with which history and ECG finding?
• Which description best fits vasovagal syncope?
• What is the recommended target for peripheral oxygen saturation in COPD exacerbation management?
• A focused neurologic examination typically includes which domains?
• In suspected acute coronary syndrome, what is the purpose of serial troponin measurements?
• Which symptom is typical of ischemic stroke at onset?
• Which test is used to evaluate LCL integrity?
• Which finding is most characteristic of a meniscal tear?
• Cervical cancer screening guidelines commonly recommend which approach for women aged 21–29?
• In Lyme disease, what early skin finding is characteristic?
• Hemosiderin staining presents as which color change on the lower legs?
• Which medication classes are commonly associated with hypotension due to vasodilation or volume depletion?
• What should end-of-life care planning include?
• Hammer toe is best defined as which of the following?
• Which feature is characteristic of ventricular tachycardia?
• What imaging finding on non-contrast CT is classic for subarachnoid hemorrhage?
• Which vital-sign pattern indicates instability requiring escalation of care?
• In POTS, what happens when a patient stands?
• Which dermatologic finding is characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus?
• Stark Physician Referral Law addresses referrals to designated health services payable by Medicare/Medicaid when there is a financial relationship between the physician and the provider.
• Hypertensive emergencies are defined by which of the following?
• Which statement best describes Pap testing guidelines for average-risk women?
• Which lesion is black, dry, shriveled/mummified tissue from ischemia?
• Which mechanism is most associated with a meniscal tear?
• Which of the following is a common risk factor for pulmonary embolism?
• Which term describes a raised scar that grows beyond original wound boundaries?
• Which feature is commonly seen in psoriatic arthritis?
• Which term describes thickened hyperkeratotic skin over pressure/friction point?
• Which ECG pattern is most consistent with NSTEMI?
• Which nail condition is characterized by thick nails that are yellow and brittle?
• Lyme disease is most accurately described by which statement?
• Which feature most strongly suggests a tension pneumothorax?
• Which finding is most characteristic of thoracic aortic dissection?
• Which sign is classic for a PCL tear?
• When do troponin levels typically begin to rise after myocardial injury?
• In suspected acute appendicitis, which imaging modality is most appropriate to confirm diagnosis in adults when exam is equivocal?
• Which statement best describes the False Claims Act?
• Which finding is most specific for pericarditis rather than myocardial infarction?
• Stasis dermatitis is most commonly seen in which population?
• Which statement best describes pyoderma gangrenosum?
• Which statement defines common law (judge-made law)?